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phased.MVDREstimator2D

2-D MVDR (Capon) spatial spectrum estimator

Description

The MVDREstimator2D object computes a 2-D minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) spatial spectrum estimate. This DOA estimator is also referred to as a Capon estimator.

To estimate the spatial spectrum:

  1. Define and set up your 2-D MVDR spatial spectrum estimator. See Construction.

  2. Call step to estimate the spatial spectrum according to the properties of phased.MVDREstimator2D. The behavior of step is specific to each object in the toolbox.

Note

Starting in R2016b, instead of using the step method to perform the operation defined by the System object™, you can call the object with arguments, as if it were a function. For example, y = step(obj,x) and y = obj(x) perform equivalent operations.

Construction

H = phased.MVDREstimator2D creates a 2-D MVDR spatial spectrum estimator System object, H. The object estimates the signal’s spatial spectrum using a narrowband MVDR beamformer.

H = phased.MVDREstimator2D(Name,Value) creates object, H, with each specified property Name set to the specified Value. You can specify additional name-value pair arguments in any order as (Name1,Value1,...,NameN,ValueN).

Properties

SensorArray

Handle to sensor array

Specify the sensor array as a handle. The sensor array must be an array object in the phased package. The array cannot contain subarrays.

Default: phased.ULA with default property values

PropagationSpeed

Signal propagation speed

Specify the propagation speed of the signal, in meters per second, as a positive scalar. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: Speed of light

OperatingFrequency

System operating frequency

Specify the operating frequency of the system in hertz as a positive scalar. The default value corresponds to 300 MHz. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: 3e8

NumPhaseShifterBits

Number of phase shifter quantization bits

The number of bits used to quantize the phase shift component of beamformer or steering vector weights. Specify the number of bits as a non-negative integer. A value of zero indicates that no quantization is performed. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: 0

ForwardBackwardAveraging

Perform forward-backward averaging

Set this property to true to use forward-backward averaging to estimate the covariance matrix for sensor arrays with conjugate symmetric array manifold.

Default: false

AzimuthScanAngles

Azimuth scan angles (degrees)

Specify the azimuth scan angles (in degrees) as a real vector. The angles must be between –180 and 180, inclusive. You must specify the angles in ascending order. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: -90:90

ElevationScanAngles

Elevation scan angles

Specify the elevation scan angles (in degrees) as a real vector or scalar. The angles must be between –90 and 90, inclusive. You must specify the angles in ascending order. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: 0

DOAOutputPort

Enable DOA output

To obtain the signal's direction of arrival (DOA), set this property to true and use the corresponding output argument when invoking step. If you do not want to obtain the DOA, set this property to false.

Default: false

NumSignals

Number of signals

Specify the number of signals for DOA estimation as a positive scalar integer. This property applies when you set the DOAOutputPort property to true. You can specify this property as single or double precision.

Default: 1

Methods

plotSpectrumPlot spatial spectrum
resetReset states of 2-D MVDR spatial spectrum estimator object
stepPerform spatial spectrum estimation
Common to All System Objects
release

Allow System object property value changes

Examples

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Estimate the DOAs of two signals received by a 50-element URA with a rectangular lattice. The antenna operating frequency is 150 MHz. The actual direction of the first signal is −37° in azimuth and 0° in elevation. The direction of the second signal is 17° in azimuth and 20° degrees in elevation. Then, plot the spatial spectrum.

Create the arriving signals.

fs = 8000;
t = (0:1/fs:1).';
x1 = cos(2*pi*t*300);
x2 = cos(2*pi*t*400);
array = phased.URA('Size',[5 10],'ElementSpacing',[1 0.6]);
array.Element.FrequencyRange = [100e6 300e6];
fc = 150e6;
x = collectPlaneWave(array,[x1 x2],[-37 0;17 20]',fc);

Add noise.

noise = 0.1*(randn(size(x))+1i*randn(size(x)));

Create the MVDR DOA estimator and estimate the DOAs.

estimator = phased.MVDREstimator2D('SensorArray',array,...
    'OperatingFrequency',fc,...
    'DOAOutputPort',true,'NumSignals',2,...
    'AzimuthScanAngles',-50:50,...
    'ElevationScanAngles',-30:30);
[~,doas] = estimator(x + noise);

Plot the spectrum.

plotSpectrum(estimator)

Algorithms

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References

[1] Van Trees, H. Optimum Array Processing. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 2002.

Extended Capabilities

Version History

Introduced in R2011a