`stats`::`chisquarePDF`

Probability density function of the chi-square distribution

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Syntax

stats::chisquarePDF(m)

Description

stats::chisquarePDF(m) returns a procedure representing the probability density function

of the chi-square distribution with mean m > 0.

The procedure f := stats::chisquarePDF(m) can be called in the form f(x) with an arithmetical expression x. The return value of f(x) is either a floating-point number or a symbolic expression:

If x ≤ 0 can be decided, then f(x) returns 0. If x > 0 can be decided, then f(x) returns the value .

If x is a floating-point number and m can be converted to a positive floating-point number, then these values are returned as floating-point numbers. Otherwise, symbolic expressions are returned.

The function f reacts to properties of identifiers set via assume. If x is a symbolic expression with the property x ≤ 0 or x ≥ 0, the corresponding values are returned.

f(x) returns the symbolic call stats::chisquarePDF(m)(x) if neither x ≤ 0 nor x > 0 can be decided,

Numerical values of m are only accepted if they are positive.

Note that, for large m, exact results may be costly to compute. If floating-point values are desired, it is recommended to pass floating-point arguments x to f rather than to compute exact results f(x) and convert them via float. Cf. Example 4.

Environment Interactions

The function is sensitive to the environment variable DIGITS which determines the numerical working precision.

Examples

Example 1

We evaluate the probability density function with m = 2 at various points:

f := stats::chisquarePDF(2):
f(-infinity), f(-PI), f(1/2), f(0.5), f(PI), f(infinity)

delete f:

Example 2

If x is a symbolic object without properties, then it cannot be decided whether x ≥ 0 holds. A symbolic function call is returned:

f := stats::chisquarePDF(m): f(x)

With suitable properties, it can be decided whether x ≥ 0 holds. An explicit expression is returned:

assume(0 <= x): f(x)

unassume(x): delete f:

Example 3

We use symbolic a symbolic mean m:

f := stats::chisquarePDF(m): f(x)

When a numerical value is assigned to m, the function f starts to produce numerical values:

m := PI: f(3), f(3.0)

delete f, m:

Example 4

We consider a chi-square distribution with large mean m = 1000:

f := stats::chisquarePDF(1000):

For floating-point approximations, one should not compute an exact result and convert it via float. For large mean m, it is faster to pass a floating-point argument to f. The following call takes some time, because an exact computation of the huge integer gamma(m/2) = gamma(500) = 499! is involved: