DC gain for FIR high-pass filter using fir1
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Dear signal processing experts,
I'm analysing data with huge low frequency artifacts like DC offset, decay, trend, and so on, so I'm trying to remove these slow component with FIR filter.
However, if I use fir1 in matlab, the low frequency component, especially the DC component is not removed completely. Actually, when I check the cofficients:
>> b = fir1(500,5/750,'high');
>> sum(b)
ans =
0.0039
So there's about 0.39% of the original DC component still remain in the filtered data, which is still very large.
This is quite in contrast with low-pass filter:
>> b = fir1(500,5/750,'low');
>> 1-sum(b)
ans =
0
In order to remove DC component by FIR filter, I thought upon two options:
- (1) Apply low-pass filter and subtract the filtered signal from the original.
- (2) Force filter coefficient to zero-mean:
>> b = fir1(500,5/750,'high');
>> b = b-mean(b);
>> sum(b)
ans =
5.5511e-17 % this is small enough
My questions are:
- Are the methods (1) and (2) above acceptable?
- What is the best way to handle this (remove slow components, esp DC offset)?
Thank you in advance for your kind attention and advice.
Best,
Masao
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Paul
il 18 Nov 2022
Hi Masao,
Let's try the proposed methods.
High-pass fir1 filter
bhigh = fir1(500,5/750,'high');
[h0,w] = freqz(bhigh,1,0:.0001:.1);
Low pass fir1 filter
blow = fir1(500,5/750,'low');
[hlow,w] = freqz(blow,1,w);
Response for Method 2, subtract the mean from the high-pass coefficients
h2 = freqz(bhigh - mean(bhigh),1,w);
Method 1, response of filter that is equivalent to subtracting the low-pass filtered signal from the original signal, i..e, H1(z) = 1 - Hlow(z)
h1 = freqz([1-blow(1) -blow(2:end)],1,w);
plot(w,abs([h0 ; h1 ; h2]))
xlim([0 .1])
legend('h0','h1','h2')
Method 1 is not desirable.
Replotting h0 and h2 in dB and zoming in a bit more
plot(w,mag2db(abs([h0 ; inf*h1 ; h2])))
xlim([0 .02])
legend('h0','h1','h2')
Should probably explore more across the entire frequency band from 0 - pi and compare the phase resposnes as well, if phase matters in your application.
Having said that, if you know that your signal has mean, linear, etc. components, using detrend on the data before filtering might be useful
3 Commenti
Paul
il 18 Nov 2022
Whether or not method 2 is acceptable is up to you, based on your problem and requirements. I'd suggest carefully comparing the response of h0 and h2 across the entire frequency range of interest.
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