optstocksensbyblk

Determine option prices or sensitivities on futures and forwards using Black option pricing model

Syntax

PriceSens = optstocksensbyblk(RateSpec,StockSpec,Settle,Maturity,OptSpec,Strike)

PriceSens = optstocksensbyblk(___,Name,Value)

Description

PriceSens = optstocksensbyblk(RateSpec,StockSpec,Settle,Maturity,OptSpec,Strike) computes option prices on futures and forwards using the Black option pricing model.

Note

optstocksensbyblk calculates option prices or sensitivities on futures and forwards. If ForwardMaturity is not passed, the function calculates prices or sensitivities of future options. If ForwardMaturity is passed, the function computes prices or sensitivities of forward options. This function handles several types of underlying assets, for example, stocks and commodities. For more information on the underlying asset specification, see stockspec.

PriceSens = optstocksensbyblk(___,Name,Value) adds optional name-value pair arguments for ForwardMaturity and OutSpec to compute option prices or sensitivities on forwards using the Black option pricing model.

Examples

Compute Option Prices and Sensitivities on Futures Using the Black Pricing Model

This example shows how to compute option prices and sensitivities on futures using the Black pricing model. Consider a European put option on a futures contract with an exercise price of $60 that expires on June 30, 2008. On April 1, 2008 the underlying stock is trading at $58 and has a volatility of 9.5% per annum. The annualized continuously compounded risk-free rate is 5% per annum. Using this data, compute delta, gamma, and the price of the put option.

AssetPrice = 58;
Strike = 60;
Sigma = .095;
Rates = 0.05;
Settle = datetime(2008,4,1);
Maturity = datetime(2008,6,30);

% define the RateSpec and StockSpec
RateSpec = intenvset('ValuationDate', Settle, 'StartDates', Settle, 'EndDates',...
Maturity, 'Rates', Rates, 'Compounding', -1, 'Basis', 1);

StockSpec = stockspec(Sigma, AssetPrice);

% define the options
OptSpec = {'put'};

OutSpec = {'Delta','Gamma','Price'};
[Delta, Gamma, Price] = optstocksensbyblk(RateSpec, StockSpec, Settle,...
Maturity, OptSpec, Strike,'OutSpec', OutSpec)

Delta = -0.7469

Gamma = 0.1130

Price = 2.3569

Compute Forward Option Prices and Delta Sensitivities

This example shows how to compute option prices and sensitivities on forwards using the Black pricing model. Consider two European call options on the Brent Blend forward contract that expires on January 1, 2015. The options expire on October 1, 2014 and Dec 1, 2014 with an exercise price % of $120 and $150 respectively. Assume that on January 1, 2014 the forward price is at $107, the annualized continuously compounded risk-free rate is 3% per annum and volatility is 28% per annum. Using this data, compute the price and delta of the options.

Define the RateSpec.

ValuationDate = datetime(2014,1,1);
EndDates = datetime(2015,1,1);
Rates = 0.03;
Compounding = -1;
Basis = 1;
RateSpec  = intenvset('ValuationDate', ValuationDate, 'StartDates', ...
ValuationDate, 'EndDates', EndDates, 'Rates', Rates, ...
'Compounding', Compounding, 'Basis', Basis');

Define the StockSpec.

AssetPrice = 107;
Sigma = 0.28;
StockSpec  = stockspec(Sigma, AssetPrice);

Define the options.

Settle = datetime(2014,1,1);
Maturity = [datetime(2014,10,1) ; datetime(2014,12,1)]; %Options maturity
Strike = [120;150];
OptSpec = {'call'; 'call'};

Price the forward call options and return the Delta sensitivities.

ForwardMaturity = 'Jan-1-2015'; % Forward contract maturity
OutSpec = {'Delta'; 'Price'};
[Delta, Price] = optstocksensbyblk(RateSpec, StockSpec, Settle, Maturity, OptSpec, ...
Strike, 'ForwardMaturity', ForwardMaturity, 'OutSpec', OutSpec)

Delta = 2×1

    0.3518
    0.1262

Price = 2×1

    5.4808
    1.6224

Input Arguments

RateSpec — Interest-rate term structure

structure

Interest-rate term structure (annualized and continuously compounded), specified by the RateSpec obtained from intenvset. For information on the interest-rate specification, see intenvset.

Data Types: struct

StockSpec — Stock specification for underlying asset

structure

Stock specification for the underlying asset. For information on the stock specification, see stockspec.

stockspec handles several types of underlying assets. For example, for physical commodities the price is StockSpec.Asset, the volatility is StockSpec.Sigma, and the convenience yield is StockSpec.DividendAmounts.

Data Types: struct

Settle — Settlement or trade date

datetime array | string array | date character vector

Settlement or trade date, specified as a NINST-by-1 vector using a datetime array, string array, or date character vectors.

To support existing code, optstocksensbyblk also accepts serial date numbers as inputs, but they are not recommended.

Maturity — Maturity date for option

datetime array | string array | date character vector

Maturity date for option, specified as a NINST-by-1 vector using a datetime array, string array, or date character vectors.

To support existing code, optstocksensbyblk also accepts serial date numbers as inputs, but they are not recommended.

OptSpec — Definition of option

cell array of character vectors with values 'call' or 'put'

Definition of the option as 'call' or 'put', specified as a NINST-by-1 cell array of character vectors with values 'call' or 'put'.

Data Types: char | cell

Strike — Option strike price value

nonnegative vector

Option strike price value, specified as a nonnegative NINST-by-1 vector.

Data Types: double

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: [Delta,Gamma,Price] = optstocksensbyblk(RateSpec,StockSpec,Settle,Maturity,OptSpec,Strike,'OutSpec',OutSpec)

ForwardMaturity — Maturity date or delivery date of forward contract

Maturity of option (default) | date character vector

Maturity date or delivery date of forward contract, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'ForwardMaturity' and a NINST-by-1 vector using date character vectors.

To support existing code, optstocksensbyblk also accepts serial date numbers as inputs, but they are not recommended.

OutSpec — Define outputs

{'Price'} (default) | cell array of character vectors with values: 'Price', 'Delta', 'Gamma', 'Vega', 'Lambda', 'Rho', 'Theta', and 'All'

Define outputs, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'OutSpec' and a NOUT- by-1 or 1-by-NOUT cell array of character vectors with possible values of 'Price', 'Delta', 'Gamma', 'Vega', 'Lambda', 'Rho', 'Theta', and 'All'.

OutSpec = {'All'} specifies that the output should be Delta, Gamma, Vega, Lambda, Rho, Theta, and Price, in that order. This is the same as specifying OutSpec to include each sensitivity:

Example: OutSpec = {'delta','gamma','vega','lambda','rho','theta','price'}

Data Types: char | cell

Output Arguments

PriceSens — Expected future prices or sensitivities values

vector

Expected future prices or sensitivities values, returned as a NINST-by-1 vector.

Data Types: double

More About

Futures Option

A futures option is a standardized contract between two parties to buy or sell a specified asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed upon today (the futures price) with delivery and payment occurring at a specified future date, the delivery date.

The futures contracts are negotiated at a futures exchange, which acts as an intermediary between the two parties. The party agreeing to buy the underlying asset in the future, the "buyer" of the contract, is said to be "long," and the party agreeing to sell the asset in the future, the "seller" of the contract, is said to be "short."

A futures contract is the delivery of item J at time T and:

• There exists in the market a quoted price $$F(t,T)$$, which is known as the futures price at time t for delivery of J at time T.

• The price of entering a futures contract is equal to zero.

• During any time interval [t,s], the holder receives the amount $$F(s,T)-F(t,T)$$ (this reflects instantaneous marking to market).

• At time T, the holder pays $$F(T,T)$$ and is entitled to receive J. Note that $$F(T,T)$$ should be the spot price of J at time T.

For more information, see Futures Option.

Forwards Option

A forwards option is a non-standardized contract between two parties to buy or to sell an asset at a specified future time at a price agreed upon today.

The buyer of a forwards option contract has the right to hold a particular forward position at a specific price any time before the option expires. The forwards option seller holds the opposite forward position when the buyer exercises the option. A call option is the right to enter into a long forward position and a put option is the right to enter into a short forward position. A closely related contract is a futures contract. A forward is like a futures in that it specifies the exchange of goods for a specified price at a specified future date.

The payoff for a forwards option, where the value of a forward position at maturity depends on the relationship between the delivery price (K) and the underlying price (S_T) at that time, is:

• For a long position: $$f_T=S_T-K$$

• For a short position: $$f_T=K-S_T$$

For more information, see Forwards Option.

Version History

Introduced in R2008b

R2022b: Serial date numbers not recommended

Although optstocksensbyblk supports serial date numbers, datetime values are recommended instead. The datetime data type provides flexible date and time formats, storage out to nanosecond precision, and properties to account for time zones and daylight saving time.

To convert serial date numbers or text to datetime values, use the datetime function. For example:

t = datetime(738427.656845093,"ConvertFrom","datenum");
y = year(t)

y =

        2021

There are no plans to remove support for serial date number inputs.