"Precise" random variables from a distribution

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Dear community,
I have an interval from 0 to 1 with a step 0.01 (also can be considered as from 0 to 100). This 101 values unifromly distruted on this interval.
I am trying to randomly draw two values from this interval and expect them to look like 0.15 and 0.25 or 0.9 and 0.56, etc.
I use the following code:
b = 1;
N = 0:0.01:1;
for i = 0:0.01:1
p1 = rand;
p2 = rand;
end
This gives me two random values between 0 and 1 but they have a smaller step, for instance, it returns p1 = 0.0538 and p2 = 0.7781.
Any help will be highly appreciated!

Risposta accettata

Steven Lord
Steven Lord il 8 Ago 2022
Since 0.01 cannot be exactly represented in double precision, your values may not be exactly multiples of one-hundredth. But if you want to draw elements from a specific set of values, you can use randperm (without replacement) or randi (with replacement) to generate indices into that set.
S = [0, 5, 42, -999];
withoutReplacement = randperm(numel(S), 3) % Ask for 3 of the elements of S
withoutReplacement = 1×3
3 2 1
withReplacement = randi(numel(S), [1 3])
withReplacement = 1×3
3 1 3
S(withoutReplacement)
ans = 1×3
42 5 0
S(withReplacement)
ans = 1×3
42 0 42
  11 Commenti
Yuriy
Yuriy il 12 Ago 2022
Yes, you are right. My apologies. So, I have 2 firms, they draw prices p1 and p2. If p1 < p2, then this firm has two options for a profit:
  1. Profit_1 = (p1 + p2)*((1-a)/2 +a) or
  2. Profit_2 = (p1+b)(1-a)
Where "a" is just a parameter, any number from interval (0,1), I can set it manually. Equalising it, I can see where they cross each other, but the patterns of these curves aren't clear.
Using formula above for random value I can draw one case and plot it. But I want to plot all possible combinatitons and see a "beahviour" of this curves. This will help me to decide which of two options of profit I have to choose when I set a value for "a".
Yuriy
Yuriy il 12 Ago 2022
so far I could do like this, but I am not sure it is correct.
a = 0.2;
v = 1;
p_bar = v;
p_low = 0;
p_hat = 0.3;
pd1 = makedist('Uniform','lower',p_low,'upper',p_bar);
pd2 = makedist('Uniform','lower',p_low,'upper',p_bar);
p_1 = (p_low:0.01:p_bar);
p_2 = (p_low:0.01:p_bar);
pdf1 = pdf(pd1,p_1);
cdf1 = cdf(pd1,p_1);
pdf2 = pdf(pd2,p_2);
cdf2 = cdf(pd2,p_2);
f_1 = @(p_1) p_1 * (a + 1-a/2) + p_2 * (a + 1-a/2);
y_1=f_1(p_1);
f_2 = @(p_1) p_1 * (a + 1-a/2) + p_bar*(1-a)/2;
y_2=f_2(p_1);
plot(p_1,y_1,p_2,y_2)

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