Based on a question on MATLAB Answers.
Find all the elements of a vector whose difference, regardless of position is less or equal than a given range.
Example
A = [1 4 7 10 2 8]; range = 1; inrange = [1 0 1 0 1 1]; % since diff(1, 2) <= 1 and diff(7, 8) <= 1
I love the fact that you based this on a question from Answers! I kind of wanted to link back to it, but I can see that you might not want people to see your answer.
This is a short coded solution but it is not efficient. A solution that involves sorting the vector, A, uses less memory and is faster but take a couple more lines of code.
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