efficiency

Calculate and plot radiation efficiency of antenna or array

Since R2021a

Syntax

efficiency(object,frequency)

E = efficiency(object,frequency)

E = efficiency(___,UseParallel = true)

Description

efficiency(object,frequency) plots the radiation efficiency of the antenna or array over the specified frequency.

E = efficiency(object,frequency) returns the radiation efficiency of the antenna or array over the specified frequency.

E = efficiency(___,UseParallel = true) uses the Parallel Computing Toolbox™ to perform efficiency calculations for each frequency in parallel. To use this feature, you need a license to the Parallel Computing Toolbox.

Examples

Radiation Efficiency of Top-Hat Monopole Antenna

Create a top-hat monopole antenna.

m = metal("Lead");
ant = monopoleTopHat(Conductor=m);
show(ant)

Plot the radiation efficiency of the antenna over a frequency range of 40-100 MHz.

efficiency(ant,linspace(40e6,100e6,41))

Compare Radiation Efficiency of Antennas with Different Metal Patches

Create and visualize patch microstrip antennas with PEC, copper, silver, and aluminium metal patches.

ant_patchPEC = patchMicrostrip(Substrate=dielectric("Air"),Conductor=metal("PEC"));
ant_patchCopper = patchMicrostrip(Substrate=dielectric("FR4"),Conductor=metal("Copper"));
ant_patchSilver = patchMicrostrip(Substrate=dielectric("FR4"),Conductor=metal("Silver"));
ant_patchAluminium = patchMicrostrip(Substrate=dielectric("FR4"),Conductor=metal("Aluminium"));

Compare the radiation efficiency of these antennas at the frequency of 1 GHz.

Eff_patchPEC = efficiency(ant_patchPEC,1e09)

Eff_patchPEC = 
1

Eff_patchCopper = efficiency(ant_patchCopper,1e09)

Eff_patchCopper = 
0.4651

Eff_patchSilver = efficiency(ant_patchSilver,1e09)

Eff_patchSilver = 
0.4088

Eff_patchAluminium = efficiency(ant_patchAluminium,1e09)

Eff_patchAluminium = 
0.4632

Input Arguments

object — Antenna or array to calculate efficiency

antenna object | array object | custom 2-D mesh or geometry object | custom 2-D and 3-D antenna object | pcbStack object | installedAntenna object

Antenna or array to calculate efficiency, specified as one of the following options:

• Antenna object from the antenna catalog.

• Array object from the array catalog.

• Custom 2-D mesh or geometry object.

• Custom 2-D and 3-D antenna object.

• pcbStack object.

• installedAntenna object.

Note

Only homogeneous arrays are supported for efficiency calculation, with an exception of conformalArray.

Example: dipole

frequency — Frequency to calculate radiation efficiency

scalar in Hz | vector in Hz

Frequency to calculate the radiation efficiency, specified as a scalar for a single frequency or a vector for a frequency range in Hz.

Example: 50e6:1e6:100e6

Data Types: double

UseParallel — Option to enable parallel pool

false or 0 (default) | true or 1

Option to enable parallel pool, specified as a logical value. The default value is false. Set the flag to true or 1 to enable the parallel pool. Use parallel pool to speedup the efficiency calculations at multiple frequencies for computationally large antennas and arrays.

Example: UseParallel=true

Data Types: logical

Output Arguments

E — Radiation efficiency of antenna

scalar | vector

Radiation efficiency of the antenna, returned as a scalar or a vector with values in the range [0,1].

More About

Radiation Efficiency

The time-average power density radiated by an antenna is:

where, r = radius of the sphere,

θ, φ = spherical coordinate angles,

E, H = electric and magnetic field intensity respectively.

The total power radiated by antenna is:

where, U = radiation intensity (W/ unit solid angle),

dΩ = element of solid angle.

The radiation efficiency is given as:

where, P_in = total input power.

Version History

Introduced in R2021a