recreg

Recursive linear regression

Syntax

[Coeff,SE] = recreg(X,y)

[CoeffTbl,SETbl] = recreg(Tbl)

___ = recreg(___,Name=Value)

recreg(___)

___ = recreg(ax,___)

[___,coeffPlots] = recreg(___)

Description

recreg recursively estimates coefficients (β) and their standard errors in a multiple linear regression model of the form y = Xβ + ε by performing successive regressions using nested or rolling windows. recreg has options for OLS, HAC, and FGLS estimates, and for iterative plots of the estimates.

[Coeff,SE] = recreg(X,y) returns a matrix of regression coefficient estimates and a corresponding matrix of standard error estimates from recursive regressions of the multiple linear regression model y = Xβ + ε, using input predictor and response data.

[CoeffTbl,SETbl] = recreg(Tbl) returns a table of regression coefficients estimates and a table of standard error estimates from a recursive regression on the linear model of the variables in the input table or timetable.

The response variable in the regression is the last table variable, and all other variables are the predictor variables. To select a different response variable for the regression, use the ResponseVariable name-value argument. To select different predictor variables, use the PredictorNames name-value argument.

___ = recreg(___,Name=Value) specifies options using one or more name-value arguments in addition to any of the input argument combinations in previous syntaxes. recreg returns the output argument combination for the corresponding input arguments. For example, recreg(Tbl,ResponseVariable="GDP",Intercept=false,Estimator="fgls") excludes an intercept term from the regression model, in which the response variable is the variable GDP in the input table, and uses FGLS to estimate coefficients and standard errors.

recreg(___) plots iterative coefficient estimates with ±2 standard error bands for each coefficient in the multiple linear regression model.

___ = recreg(ax,___) plots on the axes specified in ax instead of the axes of new figures. The option ax can precede any of the input argument combinations in the previous syntaxes.

[___,coeffPlots] = recreg(___) additionally returns handles to plotted graphics objects. Use elements of coeffPlots to modify properties of the plots after you create it.

Examples

Inspect Consumption Model Coefficients for Structural Change

Check coefficient estimates for instability in a model of food demand around World War II. Implement forward and backward recursive regressions in a rolling window.

Load the US food consumption data set, which contains annual measurements from 1927 through 1962 with missing data due to WWII.

load Data_Consumption

For more details on the data, enter Description at the command prompt.

Plot the series.

P = Data(:,1); % Food price index
I = Data(:,2); % Disposable income index
Q = Data(:,3); % Food consumption index 

figure
plot(dates,[P I Q])
axis tight
grid on
xlabel("Year")
ylabel("Index")
title("\bf Time Series Plot of All Series")
legend("Price","Income","Consumption",Location="southeast")

Measurements are missing from 1942 through 1947, which correspond to WWII.

To examine elasticities, apply the log transformation to each series.

LP = log(P);
LI = log(I);
LQ = log(Q);

Consider a model in which log consumption is a linear function of the logs of food price and income. In other words,

$${\text{LQ}}_t={\beta }_0+{\beta }_1{\text{LI}}_t+{\beta }_2\text{LP}+{\epsilon }_t.$$

$${\epsilon }_t$$ is a Gaussian random variable with mean 0 and standard deviation $${\sigma }^2$$.

Identify the breakpoint index at the end of WWII, 1945. Ignore missing years with missing data.

numCoeff = 4; % Three predictors and an intercept
T = numel(dates(~isnan(P))); % Sample size
bpIdx = find(dates(~isnan(P)) >= 1945,1) - numCoeff

bpIdx = 
12

The 12th iteration corresponds to the end of the war.

Plot forward recursive-regression coefficient estimates using a rolling window 1/4 of the sample size. Indicate to plot the coefficients of LP and LI only in the same figure.

X = [LP LI];
y = LQ;
varnames = ["Log-price" "Log-income"];
plotvars = [false true true];
window = ceil(T*1/4);
recreg(X,y,Window=window,Plot="combined",PlotVars=plotvars, ...
    VarNames=varnames);

Plot forward recursive-regression coefficient estimates using a rolling window 1/3 of the sample size.

window = ceil(T*1/3);
recreg(X,y,Window=window,Plot="combined",PlotVars=plotvars, ...
    VarNames=varnames);

Plot forward recursive-regression coefficient estimates using a rolling window of size 1/2 of the sample size.

window = ceil(T*1/2);
recreg(X,y,Window=window,Plot="combined",PlotVars=plotvars, ...
    VarNames=varnames);

As the window size increases, the lines show less volatility, but the coefficients do exhibit instability.

Inspect Real US GNP Model for Instability

Apply recursive regressions using nested windows to look for instability in an explanatory model of real GNP for a period spanning World War II.

Load the Nelson-Plosser data set.

load Data_NelsonPlosser

The time series in the data set contain annual, macroeconomic measurements from 1860 to 1970. For more details, a list of variables, and descriptions, enter Description in the command line.

Several series have missing data. Focus the sample to measurements from 1915 to 1970. Identify the index corresponding to 1945, the end of WWII, to use as a breakpoint for the test.

span = (1915 <= dates) & (dates <= 1970);
bp = find(dates(span) == 1945);

Consider the multiple linear regression model

$${\text{GNPR}}_t={\beta }_0+{\beta }_1{\text{IPI}}_t+{\beta }_2{\text{E}}_t+{\beta }_3{\text{WR}}_t.$$

Collect the model variables into a tabular array. Position the predictors in the first three columns and the response in the last column. Compute the number of coefficients in the model.

Tbl = DataTable(span,[4,5,10,1]);
numCoeff = height(Tbl); 

Estimate the coefficients using recursive regressions, and return separate plots for the iterative estimates. Identify the iteration corresponding to the end of the war.

recreg(Tbl);

bpIter = bp - numCoeff

bpIter = 
-25

By default, recreg forms the subsamples using nested windows. The end of the war (1945) occurs at the 27th iteration.

All coefficients show some initial, transient instability during the "burn-in" period (see Tip). The plot of WR seems stable since the line is relatively flat. However, the plots of E, IPI, and the intercept (Const) show instability, particularly just after iteration 27.

Return tables of iterative coefficient estimates and a table of standard errors.

[CoeffTbl,SeTbl] = recreg(Tbl)

CoeffTbl=4×52 table
               Iter1        Iter2        Iter3        Iter4        Iter5        Iter6        Iter7        Iter8       Iter9       Iter10       Iter11       Iter12       Iter13       Iter14       Iter15       Iter16       Iter17       Iter18       Iter19       Iter20       Iter21       Iter22       Iter23       Iter24       Iter25       Iter26       Iter27       Iter28       Iter29       Iter30       Iter31       Iter32       Iter33       Iter34       Iter35       Iter36       Iter37       Iter38       Iter39       Iter40      Iter41       Iter42       Iter43       Iter44       Iter45       Iter46       Iter47       Iter48      Iter49       Iter50       Iter51       Iter52  
             _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    ________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    ________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    _________    ________    _________    _________    _________    _________

    Const      -68.313      -68.159       -69.09      -82.751      -103.08      -110.89      -128.78      -143.35     -145.34       -145.7      -144.99      -144.89      -138.22      -132.97      -136.44       -138.5      -137.67      -133.23      -134.23       -138.4      -136.51      -135.89       -137.4      -129.78      -123.62      -123.76      -133.27      -137.67      -136.66       -133.9      -134.03      -118.43      -100.44      -88.055      -79.962       -74.23      -71.441      -76.452      -78.424     -77.625      -78.071      -77.155      -75.387      -69.307      -63.127      -56.891      -48.067     -41.498      -37.059      -34.289      -34.159      -33.111
    IPI       -0.19396     -0.26934     -0.23743       0.1147       1.1563       1.4004       1.7091       1.8108      1.9295       1.6962       1.8353       1.8286       1.9712       1.9167       1.7732       1.6692       1.7286       2.1302        1.995       1.9489       2.1656       2.2272       2.0554       1.8136       1.4672       1.3415       1.1593       1.0618       1.1066       1.2453       1.2701       1.7212       2.3317       2.7073       2.9193       3.0347       3.0946       2.9913       2.9503      2.9431       2.9357       2.9536       2.9781       3.1112       3.2635       3.4263       3.6943      3.9185       4.0934       4.2018        4.208       4.3063
    E        0.0052645    0.0055309    0.0055981    0.0053891    0.0048281    0.0046665    0.0049113    0.0053202    0.005254    0.0054972    0.0053744    0.0053981    0.0046767    0.0043011    0.0045254    0.0046878    0.0046215    0.0042438    0.0043549    0.0043299    0.0041189    0.0040688    0.0041893    0.0041366    0.0040636    0.0041145    0.0043661    0.0044527    0.0044182    0.0043419    0.0042948    0.0036566    0.0030707    0.0026066    0.0022932    0.0019903    0.0018696    0.0020991    0.0021872    0.002095    0.0021159    0.0020759    0.0019813    0.0017761    0.0016083    0.0014596    0.0013216    0.001264    0.0012525    0.0012474    0.0012488    0.0013136
    WR         -0.1097     -0.52635     -0.62228      0.10675       1.2592       1.7072       1.8568       1.7174      1.8357        1.591       1.6799       1.6407       2.4802       2.9305       2.7864        2.664       2.7035       2.8985       2.8403       3.0737        3.208       3.2268       3.1978       3.1503       3.2559       3.2607       3.3254       3.4107       3.4009       3.3355       3.3988       3.5459        3.427       3.4651       3.5263       3.7157       3.7646       3.6554        3.616      3.7333       3.7218       3.7393       3.8059       3.8214       3.7642       3.6691       3.4004      3.1159        2.866       2.7074       2.6967       2.4962

SeTbl=4×52 table
               Iter1        Iter2         Iter3        Iter4        Iter5        Iter6        Iter7       Iter8       Iter9       Iter10       Iter11       Iter12       Iter13      Iter14        Iter15        Iter16        Iter17        Iter18        Iter19        Iter20        Iter21        Iter22        Iter23        Iter24       Iter25        Iter26        Iter27        Iter28        Iter29        Iter30        Iter31        Iter32        Iter33        Iter34        Iter35        Iter36        Iter37        Iter38       Iter39        Iter40        Iter41       Iter42       Iter43       Iter44      Iter45       Iter46        Iter47        Iter48        Iter49        Iter50        Iter51        Iter52  
             _________    __________    __________    ________    _________    _________    _________    _______    _________    _________    _________    _________    ________    _________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    _________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    _________    __________    __________    ________    __________    ________    ________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________    __________

    Const       25.046        17.761        13.542      26.937       23.487        22.49       24.476      23.21       21.624       20.733       19.635       18.804      19.415       19.645        16.837        16.147        15.053        14.482        14.056         16.46        16.437        15.861         15.51        17.403       20.502        20.579        18.795        18.287        17.856         17.98        18.278        19.066        21.269        21.564         20.02        19.564        18.059        17.337       16.675         16.51        15.886      15.449        15.237      15.021      14.431        13.733        12.725          11.6        11.285         10.99        10.724        10.927
    IPI          1.372        0.8095       0.63806      1.3034       1.1015       1.0866       1.2787     1.3444       1.2505       1.0933      0.89532      0.85677      0.9022      0.93004       0.82359       0.78861       0.69814        0.5849       0.50843       0.59812       0.56616       0.48889       0.41153       0.45871      0.52933       0.51865       0.49419       0.48475       0.46515       0.45985       0.46714       0.47995       0.51801        0.5138       0.46896       0.46184        0.4317       0.41892      0.40603       0.40296       0.39324     0.38492       0.38225      0.3798     0.36581       0.34681       0.30661       0.24728       0.21661       0.19106       0.16727       0.16107
    E        0.0029773    0.00088806    0.00061649    0.001268    0.0012745    0.0012768    0.0015111    0.00156    0.0014781    0.0013213    0.0011703    0.0011097    0.001074    0.0010721    0.00086491    0.00080439    0.00069756    0.00059868    0.00054492    0.00064127    0.00061363    0.00056167    0.00052574    0.00059848    0.0007086    0.00070974    0.00067556    0.00067026    0.00065521    0.00066166    0.00067179    0.00069178    0.00077754    0.00078678    0.00072299    0.00068182    0.00060376    0.00055766    0.0005213    0.00049814    0.00046066    0.000438    0.00042075    0.000408    0.000392    0.00037819    0.00037353    0.00037249    0.00037624    0.00037665    0.00037242    0.00037821
    WR          4.4923        1.0841       0.69505      1.3781       1.1311       1.0576       1.2544     1.3167       1.2237       1.0535      0.94646      0.86648     0.73106      0.67509       0.53986       0.48929       0.42646       0.38471       0.35942       0.41265       0.39531        0.3785       0.37151       0.42274      0.49945       0.50132       0.50008       0.49299       0.48526        0.4894       0.49548       0.54059       0.62494       0.65764       0.65499       0.63966       0.62063       0.61069      0.59915       0.56739       0.55232     0.54357       0.53533     0.54476     0.54798       0.54741       0.52804       0.47669       0.44754        0.4222       0.38934       0.38022

Robust Recursive Regression Standard Errors

If a linear regression model violates classical linear model assumptions, then OLS coefficient standard errors are incorrect. However, recreg has options to estimate coefficients and standard errors that are robust to heteroscedastic or autocorrelated innovations.

Simulate a series from this piecewise regression model with AR(1) errors whose regression coefficient changes at time 51.

$$\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{l}{y}_t=5+3x_t+u_t\\ u_t=0.6u_{t-1}+{\epsilon }_t\end{array};t=1,...,50\\ \begin{array}{l}{y}_t=5-x_t+u_t\\ u_t=0.6u_{t-1}+{\epsilon }_t\end{array};t=51,...,100.\end{array}$$

$${\epsilon }_t$$ is a series of Gaussian innovations with mean 0 and standard deviation 0.5. $$x_t$$ is Gaussian with mean 1 and standard deviation 0.25.

rng(1); % For reproducibility
T = 100;
muX = 1;
sigmaX = 0.25;
x = sigmaX*randn(T,1) + muX;
ar = 0.6;
sigma = 0.5;
c = 5;
b = [3 -1];
y = zeros(T,1);
Mdl1 = regARIMA(AR=ar,Variance=sigma,Intercept=c,Beta=b(1));
y(1:T/2) = simulate(Mdl1,T/2,X=x(1:T/2));
Mdl2 = regARIMA(AR=ar,Variance=sigma,Intercept=c,Beta=b(2));
y((T/2 + 1):T) = simulate(Mdl2,T/2,X=x((T/2 + 1):T));

Estimate recursive regression coefficients using OLS.

[CoeffOLS,SEOLS] = recreg(x,y,Plot="separate");

After transient effects, 5 is within the confidence bounds of the intercept estimates. There is an insignificant but persistent shock at iteration 50. The coefficient estimates show the structural change after iteration 60.

To account for autocorrelated innovations, estimate recursive regression coefficients using OLS, but with Newey-West robust standard errors. For estimating the HAC standard errors, use the quadratic-spectral weighting scheme.

hacOptions.Weights = "QS"

hacOptions = struct with fields:
    Weights: "QS"

[CoeffNW,SENW] = recreg(x,y,Estimator="hac",Options=hacOptions, ...
    Plot="separate");

The HAC coefficient estimates are the same as the OLS estimates. The confidence bounds are slightly different because the standard error estimators are different.

Input Arguments

X — Predictor data X

numeric matrix

Predictor data X for the multiple linear regression model, specified as a numObs-by-numPreds numeric matrix.

Each row represents one of the numObs observations and each column represents one of the numPreds predictor variables.

Data Types: double

y — Response data y

numeric vector

Response data y for the multiple linear regression model, specified as a numObs-by-1 numeric vector. Rows of y and X correspond.

Data Types: double

Tbl — Combined predictor and response data

table | timetable

Combined predictor and response data for the multiple linear regression model, specified as a table or timetable with numObs rows. Each row of Tbl is an observation.

The test regresses the response variable, which is the last variable in Tbl, on the predictor variables, which are all other variables in Tbl. To select a different response variable for the regression, use the ResponseVariable name-value argument. To select different predictor variables, use the PredictorNames name-value argument to select numPreds predictors.

ax — Axes on which to plot

vector of Axes objects

Axes on which to plot, specified as a vector of Axes objects with length equal to the number of plots specified by the Plot and PlotVars name-value pair arguments.

By default, recreg creates a separate figure for each plot.

Note

NaNs in X, y, or Tbl indicate missing values, and recreg removes observations containing at least one NaN. That is, to remove NaNs in X or y, recreg merges the variables [X y], and then it uses list-wise deletion to remove any row that contains at least one NaN. recreg also removes any row of Tbl containing at least one NaN. Removing NaNs in the data reduces the sample size and can create irregular time series.

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: recreg(Tbl,ResponseVariable="GDP",Intercept=false,Estimator="fgls") excludes an intercept term from the regression model, in which the response variable is the variable GDP in the table Tbl, and uses FGLS to estimate coefficients and standard errors.

Intercept — Flag to include intercept

true (default) | false

Flag to include a model intercept, specified as a value in this table.

Value	Description
true	recreg includes an intercept term in the regression model. numCoeffs = numPreds + 1.
false	recreg does not include an intercept when fitting the regression model. numCoeffs = numPreds.

Example: Intercept=false

Data Types: logical

Window — Window length

numeric scalar

Window length, specified as a numeric scalar.

• To compute estimates using nested windows, do not specify Window. In this case, recreg begins with the first numCoeffs + 1 observations, and then adds one observation at each iteration. The number of iterations is numIter = numObs – numCoeffs.

• To compute estimates using a rolling window, specify a window length. In this case, recreg shifts by one observation at each iteration. Window must be at least numCoeffs + 1 and at most numObs. The number of iterations is numIter = numObs – Window + 1.

Example: Window=10

Data Types: double

Estimator — Estimation method

"ols" (default) | "hac" | "fgls" | character vector

Estimation method, specified as a value in this table.

Value	Description
"ols"	Ordinary least squares
"hac"	Heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC) standard errors
"fgls"	Feasible generalized least squares coefficients and standard errors

Values "hac" and "fgls" call hac and fgls, respectively, with optional name-value arguments specified by Options.

Example: Estimator="fgls"

Data Types: char | string

Options — hac and fgls optional name-value argument names and corresponding values

structure scalar

hac and fgls optional name-value argument names and corresponding values, specified as a structure scalar.

Use Options to set any name-value argument except VarNames, Intercept, Display, Plot, ResponseVariable, and PredictorVariables. For these options, see corresponding recreg name-value arguments.

By default, recreg calls hac or fgls using defaults. If Estimator="ols", recreg ignores Options.

Example: Options=struct("ARLags",2) includes two lags in the AR innovations model for FGLS estimators.

Data Types: struct

Direction — Iteration direction

"forward" (default) | "backward" | character vector

Iteration direction, specified as a value in this table.

Value	Description
"forward"	Forward recursions move the window of observations from the beginning of the data to the end.
"backward"	Backward recursions first reverse the order of observations, and then implement forward recursions.

Example: Direction="backward"

Data Types: char | string

Plot — Coefficient estimate plot control

"separate" | "combined" | "off" | character vector

Coefficient estimate plot control, specified as a value in this table. Plots show iterative coefficient estimates with ±2 standard error bands.

Value	Description
"separate"	recreg produces separate figures for each coefficient.
"combined"	recreg combines all plots in a single set of axes.
"off"	recreg turns off all plotting.

The defaults are:

• "off" when recreg returns output arguments

• "separate" otherwise

Example: Plot=off

Data Types: char | string

PlotVars — Flags for which coefficients to plot

logical vector

Flags for which coefficients to plot, specified as a logical vector of length numCoeffs. The first element corresponds to Intercept, if present, followed by indicators for each of the numPred predictors in X or Tbl. The default is true(numCoeffs,1) to plot all coefficients.

Example: PlotVars=[false true true false] plots the second and third coefficients of four coefficients.

Data Types: logical

VarNames — Variable names for plotted coefficients

string vector | character vector | cell vector of strings | cell vector of character vectors

Variable names for plotted coefficients, specified as a string vector or cell vector of strings of a length numCoeffs:

• If Intercept=true, VarNames(1) is the name of the intercept (for example 'Const') and VarNames(j + 1) specifies the name to use for variable X(:,j) or PredictorVariables(j).

• If Intercept=false, VarNames(j) specifies the name to use for variable X(:,j) or PredictorVariables(j).

The default is one of the following alternatives prepended by 'Const' when an intercept is present in the model:

• {'x1','x2',...} when you supply inputs X and y

• Tbl.Properties.VariableNames when you supply input table or timetable Tbl

Example: VarNames=["Const" "AGE" "BBD"]

Data Types: char | cell | string

ResponseVariable — Variable in Tbl to use for response

first variable in Tbl (default) | string vector | cell vector of character vectors | vector of integers | logical vector

Variable in Tbl to use for response, specified as a string vector or cell vector of character vectors containing variable names in Tbl.Properties.VariableNames, or an integer or logical vector representing the indices of names. The selected variables must be numeric.

recreg uses the same specified response variable for all tests.

Example: ResponseVariable="GDP"

Example: ResponseVariable=[true false false false] or ResponseVariable=1 selects the first table variable as the response.

Data Types: double | logical | char | cell | string

PredictorVariables — Variables in Tbl to use for the predictors

string vector | cell vector of character vectors | vector of integers | logical vector

Variables in Tbl to use for the predictors, specified as a string vector or cell vector of character vectors containing variable names in Tbl.Properties.VariableNames, or an integer or logical vector representing the indices of names. The selected variables must be numeric.

recreg uses the same specified predictors for all tests.

By default, recreg uses all variables in Tbl that are not specified by the ResponseVariable name-value argument.

Example: PredictorVariables=["UN" "CPI"]

Example: PredictorVariables=[false true true false] or DataVariables=[2 3] selects the second and third table variables.

Data Types: double | logical | char | cell | string

Output Arguments

Coeff — Coefficient estimates of each subsample regression

numeric matrix

Coefficient estimates of each subsample regression, returned as a numCoeffs-by-numIter numeric matrix. recreg returns Coeff when you supply the inputs X and y.

The first row contains the intercept, if present, followed by rows for predictor coefficients in the column order of X or Tbl. Window determines numIter, the number of columns.

SE — Standard error estimates of each subsample regression

numeric matrix

Standard error estimates of each subsample regression, returned as a numCoeffs-by-numIter numeric matrix. recreg returns SE when you supply the inputs X and y.

Row order and number of columns correspond to Coeff.

CoeffTbl — Coefficient estimates of each subsample regression

table

Coefficient estimates of each subsample regression returned as a numCoeffs-by-numIter table. recreg returns CoeffTbl when you supply the input Tbl.

For i = 1,…,numCoeffs, row i of CoeffTbl contains estimates of coefficient i in the regression model and it has label VarNames(i). Variable j contains the estimates of iteration j and it has label Iterj.

SETbl — Standard error estimates of each subsample regression

table

Standard error estimates of each subsample regression, returned as a numCoeffs-by-numCoeffs table containing the coefficient covariance matrix estimate EstCoeffCov. recreg returns SETbl when you supply the input Tbl.

For i = 1,…,numCoeffs, row i of SETbl contains the standard error estimates of coefficient i in the regression model and it has label VarNames(i). Variable j contains the estimates of iteration j and it has label Iterj.

coeffPlots — Handles to plotted graphics objects

vector of graphics objects

Handles to plotted graphics objects, returned as a vector of graphics objects. coeffPlots contains unique plot identifiers, which you can use to query or modify properties of the plot.

coeffPlots is not available if the value of the Plot name-value argument is "off".

Tips

Plots of nested-window estimates typically show volatility during a “burn-in” period, in which the number of subsample observations is only slightly larger than the number of coefficients in the model. After this period, any further volatility is evidence of coefficient instability. Sudden changes in coefficient values can indicate a structural change, and sustained changes can indicate model misspecification. For structural change tests, see cusumtest and chowtest.

References

[1] Enders, Walter. Applied Econometric Time Series. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995.

[2] Johnston, J. and J. DiNardo. Econometric Methods. New York: McGraw Hill, 1997.

Version History

Introduced in R2016a

R2022a: recreg returns estimates in tables when you supply a table of data

If you supply a table of time series data Tbl, recreg returns the following outputs:

• In the first position, recreg returns the table CoeffTbl containing iterative coefficient estimates Coeff. Rows correspond to model coefficients and variables correspond to iterations, labeled as Iterj for iteration j.

• In the second position, recreg returns a table containing the estimated, iterative coefficient standard errors SE with dimension corresponding to the dimensions of CoeffTbl.

Before R2022a, recreg returned the numeric outputs in separate positions of the output when you supplied a table of input data.

Starting in R2022a, if you supply a table of input data, update your code to return all outputs in the first through third output positions.

[CoeffTbl,CovTbl,coeffPlots] = recreg(Tbl,Name=Value)

If you request more outputs, recreg issues an error.

Also, access results by using table indexing. For more details, see Access Data in Tables.