How do I plot this piecewise function?

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Zac
Zac il 3 Lug 2022
Commentato: Sam Chak il 4 Lug 2022
I am trying to plot a piecewsie function. I followed the instructions on the following page:
However, I keep getting this error message:
Error using fplot
Input must be a function handle or symbolic function.
Error in piecwise (line 9)
fplot(x)
This is my code:
clear all;
clc;
grid on;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
syms t
x = piecwise(t <= -2, 0, -2 <= t <= 0, ((2 + t) / 2)^2, 0 <= t <= 2, 1, 2 <= t <= 4, ((4 - t) / 2)^2, t >= 4);
fplot(x)
This is the piecewise function I am trying to plot:
Any help is greatly appreciate!

Risposta accettata

Sam Chak
Sam Chak il 3 Lug 2022
Hi @Zac
Because you mispelled 'piecwise'?
Anyhow, you can try using one of these methods:
t = -3:1e-3:5;
%% Method 1
x = @(t) 0*(t<-2) + (((2 + t)/2).^2).*((-2 <= t) & (t < 0)) + 1*((0 <= t) & (t < 2)) + (((4 - t)/2).^2).*((2 <= t) & (t < 4)) + 0*(4 <= t);
subplot(3,1,1)
plot(t, x(t), 'linewidth', 1.5, 'Color', [0.8500, 0.3250, 0.0980])
ylim([-0.5 1.5]), grid on, xlabel('t'), ylabel('x(t)'), title('Method 1')
%% Method 2
x1 = 0*(t<-2); % segment 1
x2 = (((2 + t)/2).^2).*((-2 <= t) & (t < 0)); % segment 2
x3 = 1*((0 <= t) & (t < 2)); % segment 3
x4 = (((4 - t)/2).^2).*((2 <= t) & (t < 4)); % segment 4
x5 = 0*(4 <= t); % segment 5
x = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5; % combine all segments
subplot(3,1,2)
plot(t, x, 'linewidth', 1.5, 'Color', [0.9290, 0.6940, 0.1250])
ylim([-0.5 1.5]), grid on, xlabel('t'), ylabel('x(t)'), title('Method 2')
%% Method 3
syms t
x = piecewise(t<-2,0, -2<t<0,((2 + t)/2)^2, 0<t<2,1, 2<t<4,((4 - t) / 2)^2, 4<t,0);
subplot(3,1,3)
fplot(x, [-3 5], 'linewidth', 1.5, 'Color', [0.4660, 0.6740, 0.1880])
ylim([-0.5 1.5]), grid on, xlabel('t'), ylabel('x(t)'), title('Method 3')
  3 Commenti
dongshan xie
dongshan xie il 4 Lug 2022
The second method is pretty cool!
Sam Chak
Sam Chak il 4 Lug 2022
You're welcome, @Zac. Hope others like @dongshan xie would benefit from the methods shared here.

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Più risposte (2)

dongshan xie
dongshan xie il 3 Lug 2022
First, I think it's "piecewise" instead of "piecwise"
Second, you should write "fplot(t,x)".
So, the code should be
syms t
x = piecewise(t <= -2, 0, -2 <= t <= 0, ((2 + t) / 2)^2, 0 <= t <= 2, 1, 2 <= t <= 4, ((4 - t) / 2)^2, t >= 4);
fplot(t,x)
  2 Commenti
Carter Sorensen
Carter Sorensen il 3 Lug 2022
Good catch with the fplot(). I completely missed that...

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Carter Sorensen
Carter Sorensen il 3 Lug 2022
Modificato: Carter Sorensen il 3 Lug 2022
Hello,
Couldn't quite get fplot() to work with the piecewise() function. One workaround I found is to store the values you want to test in a matrix. Afterwards, pass each value in the matrix to the piecewise() function. From here, plot the outputs against the inputs using the plot() command. The described process may not be the most efficient, but it should work.
Sample code (inputs and outputs) has been included. Are you required to use fplot()?
Let me know if anything is unclear. Thanks!
clear all;
clc;
grid on;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
num = [-10:1:10]; % Sample numbers in matrix
syms x(t)
x(t) = piecewise(t <= -2, 0, -2 <= t <= 0, ((2 + t) / 2)^2, 0 <= t <= 2, 1, 2 <= t <= 4, ((4 - t) / 2)^2, t >= 4); % Your piecewise functions
results = x(num); % Plug numbers in matrix 'num' into x(t)
grid on
plot(num, results, 'linewidth', 3) % Plot all num values against corresponding x(t) values
xlabel('num')
ylabel('x(t)')

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