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Making change
Given an amount of currency, return a vector of this form: [100 50 20 10 5 2 1 0.5 0.25 0.1 0.05 0.01] Example: Input a = 2...

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Bullseye Matrix
Given n (always odd), return output a that has concentric rings of the numbers 1 through (n+1)/2 around the center point. Exampl...

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Word Counting and Indexing
You are given a list of strings, each being a list of words divided by spaces. Break the strings into words, then return a maste...

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Find relatively common elements in matrix rows
You want to find all elements that exist in greater than 50% of the rows in the matrix. For example, given A = 1 2 3 5 ...

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Prime factor digits
Consider the following number system. Calculate the prime factorization for each number n, then represent the prime factors in a...

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Remove the polynomials that have positive real elements of their roots.
The characteristic equation for a dynamic system is a polynomial whose roots indicate its behavior. If any of the roots of the p...

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Mandelbrot Numbers
The <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot_set Mandelbrot Set> is built around a simple iterative equation. z(1) = c z...

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Find common elements in matrix rows
Given a matrix, find all elements that exist in every row. For example, given A = 1 2 3 5 9 2 5 9 3 2 5 9 ...

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Given two arrays, find the maximum overlap
Given two (integer) arrays s1 and s2, create a new array s3 which is as short as possible and contains both arrays. #1 s1 = [...

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It dseon't mettar waht oedrr the lrettes in a wrod are.
An internet meme from 2003 (read more here) asserted that readers are relatively insensitive to letter order in words, so long a...

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Calculate the Levenshtein distance between two strings
This problem description is lifted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance. The Levenshtein distance between two...

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Indexed Probability Table
This question was inspired by a Stack Overflow question forwarded to me by Matt Simoneau. Given a vector x, make an indexed pro...

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Kaprekar Steps
6174 is the Kaprekar constant. All natural numbers less than 10,000 (except some with same digits) can be reduced to 6174 in the...

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Return a list sorted by number of occurrences
Given a vector x, return a vector y of the unique values in x sorted by the number of occurrences in x. Ties are resolved by a ...

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Interpolator
You have a two vectors, a and b. They are monotonic and the same length. Given a value, va, where va is between a(1) and a(end),...

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Encode Roman Numerals
Create a function taking a non-negative integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman Numeral representat...

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Find the peak 3n+1 sequence value
A Collatz sequence is the sequence where, for a given number n, the next number in the sequence is either n/2 if the number is e...

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Triangle Numbers
Triangle numbers are the sums of successive integers. So 6 is a triangle number because 6 = 1 + 2 + 3 which can be displayed ...

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Times 2 - START HERE
Try out this test problem first. Given the variable x as your input, multiply it by two and put the result in y. Examples:...

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Dimensions of a rectangle
The longer side of a rectangle is three times the length of the shorter side. If the length of the diagonal is x, find the width...

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Side of a rhombus
If a rhombus has diagonals of length x and x+1, then what is the length of its side, y? <<https://imgur.com/x6hT6mm.png>> ...

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Area of an Isoceles Triangle
An isosceles triangle has equal sides of length x and a base of length y. Find the area, A, of the triangle. <<https://imgur...

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Area of an equilateral triangle
Calculate the area of an equilateral triangle of side x. <<https://i.imgur.com/jlZDHhq.png>> Image courtesy of <http://up...

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Is this triangle right-angled?
Given any three positive numbers a, b, c, return true if the triangle with sides a, b and c is right-angled. Otherwise, return f...

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Is this triangle right-angled?
Given three positive numbers a, b, c, where c is the largest number, return true if the triangle with sides a, b and c is right-...

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Triangle sequence
A sequence of triangles is constructed in the following way: 1) the first triangle is Pythagoras' 3-4-5 triangle 2) the second...

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Length of a short side
Calculate the length of the short side, a, of a right-angled triangle with hypotenuse of length c, and other short side of lengt...

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Length of the hypotenuse
Given short sides of lengths a and b, calculate the length c of the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle. <<https://i.imgu...

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Create times-tables
At one time or another, we all had to memorize boring times tables. 5 times 5 is 25. 5 times 6 is 30. 12 times 12 is way more th...

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Determine whether a vector is monotonically increasing
Return true if the elements of the input vector increase monotonically (i.e. each element is larger than the previous). Return f...

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