fixed.interp3
Syntax
Description
returns interpolated values of a function of three variables at specific query points
using linear interpolation. The results always pass through the original sampling of the
function. Vq
= fixed.interp3(X,Y,Z
,V
,Xq,Yq,Zq
)X
, Y
, and Z
contain the
coordinates of the sample points. V
contains the corresponding function
values at each sample point. Xq
, Yq
, and
Zq
contain the coordinates of the query points.
Examples
Implement 3-D Fixed-Point Lookup Tables Using Interpolation
This example shows how to implement a three-dimensional fixed-point lookup table using fixed.interp3
.
Run the example multiple times to see the approximation over different query points.
Create Lookup Table for Function
Define a function f(x,y,z)
to replace with a lookup table approximation.
clearvars f = @(x,y,z) -x.^2+y.^2-y.*z;
Define breakpoints x
, y
, and z
for the lookup table. Note that m
, n
, and p
do not have to be equal and x
, y
, and z
do not have to be linearly spaced.
m = 16; n = 16; p = 16; x = linspace(-5,5,n); y = linspace(-5,5,m); z = linspace(-5,5,p); [X,Y,Z] = meshgrid(x,y,z);
Generate lookup table values V
corresponding to the breakpoints.
V = f(X,Y,Z);
Query Lookup Table
Choose a random query point (xq,yq)
in the ranges of x
and y
.
xq = fixed.example.realUniformRandomArray(x(1),x(end),1); yq = fixed.example.realUniformRandomArray(y(1),y(end),1); zq = fixed.example.realUniformRandomArray(z(1),z(end),1);
Cast the inputs to 16-bit fixed-point.
X = fi(X); Y = fi(Y); Z = fi(Z); V = fi(V); xq = fi(xq); yq = fi(yq); zq = fi(zq);
The fixed.interp3
function computes vq
, the lookup table approximation of f(xq,yq,zq)
.
vq = fixed.interp3(X,Y,Z,V,xq,yq,zq)
vq = 21.7305 DataTypeMode: Fixed-point: binary point scaling Signedness: Signed WordLength: 16 FractionLength: 9
Compare Lookup Approximation to Actual Function Value
Compare vq
to the actual function evaluation f(xq,yq,zq)
.
vq_expected = f(double(xq),double(yq),double(zq))
vq_expected = 21.6975
err = double(vq) - vq_expected
err = 0.0330
Input Arguments
X,Y,Z
— Sample grid points
arrays | vectors
Sample grid points, specified as real arrays or vectors. The sample grid points must be strictly monotonically increasing in each dimension.
If
X
,Y
, andZ
are arrays, then they contain the coordinates of a full grid (inmeshgrid
format). Use themeshgrid
function to create theX
,Y
, andZ
arrays together. These arrays must be the same size.If
X
,Y
, andZ
are vectors, then they are treated as a grid vectors. The values in these vectors must be strictly monotonically increasing.
The inputs [X,Y,Z]
, V
, and
[Xq,Yq,Zq]
must be the same data type: fi
,
half
, single
, or double
. When
using fi
data, you can use the shortened function name
interp3
.
Example: [X,Y,Z] = fi(meshgrid(1:30,-10:10,1:5))
Example: [X,Y,Z] = half(meshgrid(1:30,-10:10,1:5))
Data Types: fi
| single
| double
V
— Sample values
array
Sample values, specified as a real or complex array. The size requirements for
V
depend on the size of X
, Y
,
and Z
:
If
X
,Y
, andZ
are arrays representing a full grid (inmeshgrid
format), then the size ofV
matches the size ofX
,Y
, orZ
.If
X
,Y
, andZ
are grid vectors, thensize(V) = [length(Y) length(X) length(Z)]
.
If V
contains complex numbers, then
fixed.interp3
interpolates the real and imaginary parts
separately.
The inputs [X,Y,Z]
, V
, and
[Xq,Yq,Zq]
must be the same data type: fi
,
half
, single
, or double
. When
using fi
data, you can use the shortened function name
interp3
.
Example: fi(rand(10,10,10),0,12,8)
Example: half(rand(10,10,10))
Data Types: fi
| single
| double
Complex Number Support: Yes
Xq,Yq,Zq
— Query points
scalars | vectors | arrays
Query points, specified as a real scalars, vectors, or arrays.
If
Xq
,Yq
, andZq
are scalars, then they are the coordinates of a single query point in R3.If
Xq
,Yq
, andZq
are vectors of different orientations, thenXq
,Yq
, andZq
are treated as grid vectors in R3.If
Xq
,Yq
, andZq
are vectors of the same size and orientation, thenXq
,Yq
, andZq
are treated as scattered points in R3.If
Xq
,Yq
, andZq
are arrays of the same size, then they represent either a full grid of query points (inmeshgrid
format) or scattered points in R3.
The inputs [X,Y,Z]
, V
, and
[Xq,Yq,Zq]
must be the same data type: fi
,
half
, single
, or double
. When
using fi
data, you can use the shortened function name
interp3
.
Example: [Xq,Yq,Zq] =
fi(meshgrid((1:0.1:10),(-5:0.1:0),3:5))
Example: [Xq,Yq,Zq] =
half(meshgrid((1:0.1:10),(-5:0.1:0),3:5))
Data Types: fi
| single
| double
method
— Interpolation method
"linear"
(default) | "nearest"
Interpolation method, specified as one of the options in this table.
Method | Description | Continuity | Comments |
---|---|---|---|
"linear" | The interpolated value at a query point is based on linear interpolation of the values at neighboring grid points in each respective dimension. This method is the default interpolation method. | C0 |
|
"nearest" | The interpolated value at a query point is the value at the nearest sample grid point. | Discontinuous |
|
extrapval
— Function value outside domain of X
, Y
, and Z
scalar
Function value outside the domain of X
, Y
, and
Z
, specified as a real or complex scalar.
fixed.interp3
returns this constant value for all points outside
the domain of X
, Y
, and Z
. If
the scalar value is nonzero and outside the range of the sample values
v
, then the value is set to the minimum or maximum value of
v
, whichever is closer.
The data type of extrapval
must be the same as
[X,Y,Z]
, V
, and
[Xq,Yq,Zq]
.
The default behavior with fi
input data is to return
0
for query points outside the domain. The default behavior with
half
, single
, or double
input
data is to return NaN
for query points outside the domain.
Example: fi(5)
Example: half(5+1i)
Data Types: fi
| single
| double
Complex Number Support: Yes
Note
The default behavior of the interp3
function is to return
NaN
when a query point is outside the domain. The
fixed.interp3
function with fi
input data is not
consistent with this behavior because fi
casts NaN
to 0
.
Output Arguments
Vq
— Interpolated values
scalar | vector | array
Interpolated values, returned as a real or complex scalar, vector, or array. The
size and shape of Vq
depends on the syntax you use and, in some
cases, the size and value of the input arguments. The data type of Vq
is the same as that of the sample values V
.
Syntaxes | Special Conditions | Size of Vq | Example |
---|---|---|---|
fixed.interp3(X,Y,Z,V,Xq,Yq,Zq) ,fixed.interp3(V,Xq,Yq,Zq) ,and variations of these syntaxes that include method or
extrapval | Xq , Yq , and Zq
are scalars. | Scalar | size(Vq) = [1 1] when you pass Xq ,
Yq , and Zq as scalars. |
Same as above | Xq , Yq , and Zq
are vectors of the same size and orientation. | Vector of same size and orientation as Xq ,
Yq , and Zq | If size(Xq) = [100 1] , and size(Yq) = [100 1] , and size(Zq) = [100 1] , then size(Vq) = [100 1] . |
Same as above | Xq , Yq , and Zq
are vectors of mixed orientation. | size(Vq) = [length(Y) length(X) length(Z)] | If size(Xq) = [1 100] ,and size(Yq) = [50 1] , and size(Zq) = [1 5] ,then size(Vq)
= [50 100 5] . |
Same as above | Xq , Yq , and Zq
are arrays of the same size. | Array of the same size as Xq , Yq ,
and Zq | If size(Xq) = [50 25] ,and size(Yq) = [50 25] , and size(Zq) = [50 25] , then size(Vq) = [50 25] . |
Extended Capabilities
C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.
HDL Code Generation
Generate VHDL, Verilog and SystemVerilog code for FPGA and ASIC designs using HDL Coder™.
Version History
Introduced in R2024a
See Also
fixed.interp1
| fixed.interp2
| fixed.interpn
| meshgrid
| interp3
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