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waterfill

Waterfill MIMO power distribution

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Syntax

P = waterfill(Pt,Pn)
waterfill(Pt,Pn)

Description

P = waterfill(Pt,Pn) optimally distributes the total transmitted power, Pt, among multiple channels to maximize channel capacity. The argument Pn represents the noise in each channel. The function can optimize independent subcarriers simultaneously.

example

waterfill(Pt,Pn) displays a waterfill diagram.

example

Examples

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Open Live Script

Using the waterfill algorithm, compute the distributed power per channel for two subcarriers. There are four channels per subcarrier.

Specify the same total power for both subcarriers using a scalar value.

Pt = 10;

Specify the noise power. The rows correspond to the subcarriers and the columns to the channels.

Pn = [1 4 6 3; 5 4 3 6];
P = waterfill(Pt,Pn)
P = 2×4

     5     2     0     3
     2     3     4     1

Now, specify a different total power for each subcarrier.

Pt = [10,5];
P = waterfill(Pt,Pn)
P = 2×4

    5.0000    2.0000         0    3.0000
    0.6667    1.6667    2.6667         0
Open Live Script

Using the waterfill algorithm, plot the distributed power per channel for two subcarriers. There are four channels per subcarrier.

Specify a different total power for each subcarrier.

Pt = [10,5];

Specify the noise power. The rows correspond to the subcarriers and the columns to the channels.

Pn = [1 4 6 3; 5 4 3 6];

Display the waterfill plot.

waterfill(Pt,Pn)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel Channel, ylabel Power contains 2 objects of type bar. These objects represent Channel noise, Allocated power.

Input Arguments

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Total transmitted power per subcarrier, specified as a positive-valued L-element row or column vector where L is the number of subcarriers. When Pt is a scalar, all subcarriers have the same power. When Pt is a vector, the total power in a subcarriers is given by the corresponding element in Pt. Units are arbitrary.

Example: [20 30]

Data Types: double | single

Channel noise powers, specified as a positive-valued N-element row or column vector or a positive-valued L-by-N-element matrix. N is the number of channels and L is the number of subcarriers. If Pn is a vector, each element represents the noise power in the corresponding channel. The noise powers for each channel is the same for all subcarriers. If Pn is a matrix, an element in the matrix represents the noise power in the corresponding channel at the corresponding subcarrier. Units are arbitrary but must match the units for Pt.

Example: [10 20 15]

Data Types: double | single

Output Arguments

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Allocated power per channel, specified as a positive-valued L-by-N-element matrix. N is the number of channels and L is the number of subcarriers. Units are the same as the transmitted power, Pt. Each row corresponds to a subcarrier and specifies the distributed power for the channels in the subcarrier. Units are the same as for Pt and Pn.

Data Types: double | single

Algorithms

The number of subcarriers is determined by either the dimensions of Pt or Pn.

  • When you specify Pt as an L-element vector, there are L subcarriers with different total powers. If you specify Pn as N-element vector, this noise power vector is the same for all subcarriers. If you specify Pn as an L-by-N matrix, each row applies to the corresponding subcarrier.

  • When you specify Pt as a scalar, Pn determines the number of subcarriers. If you specify Pn as an N-element vector, each element is the noise power in a channel and there is only one subcarrier. If you specify Pn as an L-by-N matrix, there are L subcarriers all having the same transmitted power.

References

[1] Heath, R. Jr. et al. “An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems”, arXiv.org:1512.03007 [cs.IT], 2015.

[2] Tse, D. and P. Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communications, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

[3] Paulraj, A. Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Extended Capabilities

Version History

Introduced in R2017a

See Also

Functions

Objects