Matrix Concatenate

Concatenate input matrices of same data type for iterative processing

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Libraries:
Simulink / Math Operations
Simulink / Matrix Operations
DSP System Toolbox / Math Functions / Matrices and Linear Algebra / Matrix Operations
HDL Coder / Math Operations

Alternative Configurations of Matrix Concatenate Block:
Vector Concatenate

Description

The Matrix Concatenate block concatenates input signals to create a nonscalar signal that you can iteratively process with a subsystem, for example, a for-each, while-iterator, or for-iterator subsystem.

You can use multiple Matrix Concatenate blocks to create the output signal in stages, but the result is flat along each concatenation dimension, as if you used a single block to concatenate the signals.

The signals in the output signal appear in the same order as the input signals for the block along the concatenation dimension. For a description of the port order for various block orientations, see Identify Port Location on Rotated or Flipped Block.

You must use a Vector Concatenate or Matrix Concatenate block to define an array of buses. For more information, see Group Nonvirtual Buses in Arrays of Buses.

Examples

Horizontally Concatenate Matrices

When a Matrix Concatenate block receives 2-D matrices with the same number of rows, you can horizontally concatenate the matrices, placing them side-by-side in the output matrix. To horizontally concatenate the matrices, set the Concatenate dimension block parameter to 2.

For example, simulate the ex_concatenate_horizontal model.

The input matrices [1 2;3 4] and [5;6] are horizontally concatenated to create the output matrix [1 2 5;3 4 6].

Vertically Concatenate Matrices

When a Matrix Concatenate block receives 2-D matrices with the same number of columns, you can vertically concatenate the matrices, placing them on top of each other in the output matrix. To vertically concatenate the matrices, set the Concatenate dimension block parameter to 1.

For example, simulate the ex_concatenate_vertical model.

The input matrices [1 2;3 4] and [5 6] are vertically concatenated to create the output matrix [1 2;3 4;5 6].

Perform Multidimensional Matrix Concatenation

When a Matrix Concatenate block receives 2-D matrices, you can perform multidimensional matrix concatenation. To do so, set the Concatenate dimension block parameter to 3.

For example, simulate the ex_concatenate_multidims model.

The dimension of each input matrix is [2x2], and the dimension of the output matrix is [2x2x2].

Extended Examples

Model Arrays of Buses

Use arrays of buses to represent structured data compactly.

• Open Live Script

Ports

Input

Port_1 — First input to concatenate

scalar | vector | matrix | array

First input to concatenate, specified as a scalar, vector, matrix, or array.

• Inputs must be of the same data type.

• Matrix and array inputs are supported only when you set Mode to Multidimensional array.

When the data type is a Simulink.Bus object, the inputs must be nonvirtual buses.

Data Types: single | double | half | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | enumerated | bus | image

Port_N — Nth input to concatenate

scalar | vector | matrix | array

Nth input to concatenate, specified as a scalar, vector, matrix, or array.

• Inputs must be of the same data type.

• Matrix and array inputs are supported only when you set Mode to Multidimensional array.

Dependencies

To add input ports, set Number of inputs to an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Data Types: single | double | half | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | enumerated | bus | image

Output

Port_1 — Concatenation of input signals

scalar | vector | matrix | array

Concatenation of input signals along specified dimension. Outputs have the same data type as the input.

Data Types: single | double | half | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | enumerated | bus | image

Parameters

To edit block parameters interactively, use the Property Inspector. From the Simulink^® Toolstrip, on the Simulation tab, in the Prepare gallery, select Property Inspector.

Number of inputs — Number of input ports

2 (default) | positive integer

Specify the number of inputs for the block as a real-valued, positive integer, less than or equal to 65536.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	NumInputs
Values:	'2' (default) | positive integer in quotes
Data Types:	char | string

Example: set_param(gcb,'NumInputs','3')

Mode — Type of concatenation

Vector | Multidimensional array

Select whether the block operates in vector or multidimensional array concatenation mode. The default Mode of the Vector Concatenate block is Vector. The default Mode of the Matrix Concatenate block is Multidimensional array.

• When you select Vector, the block performs vector concatenation.

• When you select Multidimensional array, the block performs matrix concatenation.

Mode Setting	Input Signals	Output Signal
Vector	Vectors Row vectors (1-by-M matrices) Column vectors (M-by-1 matrices) Combination of vectors and either row or column vectors	When all inputs are vectors, the output is a vector. If any of the inputs are row or column vectors, the output is a row or column vector, respectively.
Multidimensional array	Signals of any dimensionality (scalars, vectors, and matrices)	The output is always an array. Trailing dimensions are assumed to be 1 for lower dimensionality inputs. For example, if the output is 4-D and the input is [2x3] (2-D), this block treats the input as [2x3x1x1]. Concatenation is on the dimension that you specify with the Concatenate dimension parameter.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	Mode
Values:	'Vector' | 'Multidimensional array'

Example: set_param(gcb,'Mode','Vector')

Concatenate dimension — Output dimension along which to concatenate input arrays

scalar integer

Specify the output dimension along which to concatenate the input arrays.

• 1 — Concatenate inputs vertically. The vertical matrix concatenation stacks the input matrices on top of each other in the output matrix. When you insert a Vector Concatenate block and set Mode to Multidimensional array, the default is 1.

• 2 — Concatenate inputs horizontally. The horizontal matrix concatenation places the input matrices side-by-side in the output matrix. When you insert a Matrix Concatenate block, the default is 2.

• 3 or more — Perform multidimensional concatenation on the inputs.

The input matrices must have compatible sizes for concatenation. Vertical concatenation requires the input matrices to have the same number of columns. Horizontal concatenation requires input matrices to have the same number of rows.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Mode to Multidimensional array.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	ConcatenateDimension
Values:	scalar integer in quotes
Data Types:	char | string

Example: set_param(gcb,'ConcatenateDimension','2')

Block Characteristics

Data Types	Boolean | double | enumerated | fixed point | half | image | integer | single
Direct Feedthrough	yes
Multidimensional Signals	yes
Variable-Size Signals	yes
Zero-Crossing Detection	no

Alternative Configurations

Vector Concatenate — Concatenate input vectors of same data type for iterative processing

The Vector Concatenate block sets Mode to Vector.

Libraries:
Simulink / Commonly Used Blocks
Simulink / Math Operations
Simulink / Signal Routing
HDL Coder / Math Operations
HDL Coder / Signal Routing

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

HDL Code Generation

Generate VHDL, Verilog and SystemVerilog code for FPGA and ASIC designs using HDL Coder™.

HDL Coder™ provides additional configuration options that affect HDL implementation and synthesized logic.

HDL Architecture

This block has one default HDL architecture.

HDL Block Properties

General
ConstrainedOutputPipeline	Number of registers to place at the outputs by moving existing delays within your design. Distributed pipelining does not redistribute these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see ConstrainedOutputPipeline (HDL Coder).
InputPipeline	Number of input pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see InputPipeline (HDL Coder).
OutputPipeline	Number of output pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see OutputPipeline (HDL Coder).
SynthesisAttributes	Specifies the synthesis attributes for the blocks and block output signals in the model. The generated HDL code contains these attributes. For more information, see SynthesisAttributes (HDL Coder).

Data Type Support

The block supports these data types for HDL code generation:

Input Port	Dimension	Fixed-Point	Floating-Point	Built-in Integers	Bus	Boolean	Enumerated	Complex Signal
Port_1	Scalar Vector Matrix (up to 2-D)	Yes	Half Single Double	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Optimizations

The block participates in these HDL optimizations to optimize the speed, and area.

Area Optimization

Optimization	Description
Resource Sharing (HDL Coder)	Resource sharing is an area optimization in which HDL Coder identifies multiple functionally equivalent resources and replaces them with a single resource.
Streaming (HDL Coder)	Streaming is an area optimization in which HDL Coder transforms a vector data path to a scalar data path (or to several smaller-sized vector data paths).

Speed Optimization

Optimization	Description
Specify Distributed Pipelining Settings (HDL Coder)	Distributed pipelining, or register retiming, is a speed optimization that moves existing delays in a design to reduce the critical path while preserving functional behavior.
Clock-Rate Pipelining (HDL Coder)	Clock-rate pipelining is an optimization framework in HDL Coder that allows other speed and area optimizations to introduce latency at the clock rate.
Specify Adaptive Pipelining Settings (HDL Coder)	Adaptive pipelining optimization creates patterns or combination of blocks with registers that can improve the achievable clock frequency and reduce the area usage on the FPGA boards by inserting pipeline registers to the blocks in your design.
Critical Path Estimation (HDL Coder)	To quickly identify the most likely critical path in your design, use Critical Path Estimation. Critical path estimation speeds up the iterative process of finding the critical path. To know blocks that are characterized in critical path estimation, see Characterized Blocks (HDL Coder).

FOR-GENERATE Loop Support

For this block, HDL Coder generates code using FOR-GENERATE loop. For more information, see Unroll For-Generate Loops (HDL Coder)

PLC Code Generation
Generate Structured Text code using Simulink® PLC Coder™.

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

Version History

Introduced in R2009b

R2026a: Specify synthesis attributes for blocks and block output signals

Use the SynthesisAttributes HDL block property to specify the synthesis attributes for the block and its output signals. HDL Coder includes these attributes in the generated HDL code.