Applicazioni generali

Uses two models of a bouncing ball to show different approaches to modeling hybrid dynamic systems with Zeno behavior. Zeno behavior is informally characterized by an infinite number of events occurring in a finite time interval for certain hybrid systems. As the ball loses energy, the ball collides with the ground in successively smaller intervals of time.

Use Simulink® to model a hydraulic cylinder. You can apply these concepts to applications where you need to model hydraulic behavior. See two related examples that use the same basic components: four cylinder model and two cylinder model with load constraints.

Use Simulink® to create the thermal model of a house. This system models the outdoor environment, the thermal characteristics of the house, and the house heating system.

Approximate nonlinear relationships of a type S thermocouple.

Design and evaluate a sine wave data table for use in digital waveform synthesis applications in embedded systems and arbitrary waveform generation instruments.

Questo esempio mostra come funzionano gli zero-crossing all’interno di Simulink®. In questo modello, tre onde sinusoidali traslate sono introdotte in un blocco a valore assoluto e in un blocco di saturazione. Esattamente a t = 5, l’output del blocco switch passa dal blocco a valore assoluto a quello di saturazione. Gli zero-crossing in Simulink rileveranno automaticamente e in modo esatto il momento in cui il blocco switch cambia il proprio output e il risolutore andrà al momento esatto in cui l’evento si verifica. Ciò è visibile esaminando l'output in scope.

Use MATLAB Function blocks to simulate and plot galaxy interactions.

Implement counters using Enabled and Triggered subsystems. In this example, the model sldemo_counters controls flow of water into a tank and uses a counter to count the number of times overflow occurs, where overflow occurs when the water level in the tank is 8 meters or more for 30 seconds or more.

Questo esempio mostra come modellare la frizione unidirezionale in Simulink®. I due integratori nel modello calcolano la velocità e la posizione del sistema, che viene poi usato nel modello di frizione per calcolare la forza di frizione.

Questo esempio mostra come gestire gli eventi di stato. Eseguire la simulazione e osservare il grafico del piano di fase, in cui lo stato x1 si trova lungo l'asse X e lo stato x2 lungo l'asse Y.

Questo esempio mostra come utilizzare Stateflow® per modellare un sistema di controllo ottimo della temperatura per uno scaldabagno. Le dinamiche dello scaldabagno sono modellate in Simulink®.

Questo esempio mostra come utilizzare Simulink® per modellare e animare un sistema a pendolo inverso. Un pendolo inverso ha il centro di massa al di sopra del proprio punto di rotazione. Per mantenere stabilmente questa posizione, il sistema implementa una logica di controllo per spostare il punto di rotazione sotto il centro di massa quando il pendolo inizia a cadere. Il pendolo inverso è un classico problema di dinamica utilizzato per testare le strategie di controllo.

Questo esempio mostra come modellare un sistema doppio massa-molla-smorzatore con una funzione di forzatura che varia periodicamente. Il modello utilizza un blocco S-Function per animare il sistema massa durante la simulazione. Nel sistema, l'unico sensore presente è collegato alla massa a sinistra e l'attuatore è collegato alla massa a sinistra. L'esempio utilizza la stima dello stato e il controllo del regolatore lineare quadratico (LQR).

Model the dynamics of liquid in a tank. The animation provides a graphical display of the tank as it empties and refills, based on tank parameters. When you click START SIM, the tank fills up and empties. When the simulation ends, review the plot showing the liquid height and the states of the two valves.

Two cases where you can use Simulink® to model variable transport delay phenomena.

Model a Foucault pendulum. The Foucault pendulum was the brainchild of the French physicist Leon Foucault. It was intended to prove that Earth rotates around its axis. The oscillation plane of a Foucault pendulum rotates throughout the day as a result of axial rotation of the Earth. The plane of oscillation completes a whole circle in a time interval T, which depends on the geographical latitude.

Solve the differential equations for the Foucault Pendulum problem and displays the pendulum bob movement in the VRML scene. You can modify the Pendulum location by changing the Latitude / Longitude constant values in the model and other parameters (g, Omega, L and initial conditions) in MATLAB® workspace.

The behavior of variable-step solvers in a Foucault pendulum model. Simulink® solvers ode45, ode15s, ode23, and ode23t are used as test cases. Stiff differential equations are used to solve this problem. There is no exact definition of stiffness for equations. Some numerical methods are unstable when used to solve stiff equations and very small step sizes are required to obtain a numerically stable solution to a stiff problem. A stiff problem may have a fast changing component and a slow changing component.

The example shows how to use Simulink® to explore the solver Jacobian sparsity pattern, and the connection between the solver Jacobian sparsity pattern and the dependency between components of a physical system. A Simulink model that models the synchronization of three metronomes placed on a free moving base are used.

Choose the correct zero-crossing location algorithm, based on the system dynamics. For Zeno dynamic systems, or systems with strong chattering, you can select the adaptive zero-crossing detection algorithm through the Configure pane:

Use Simulink® to create a model with four hydraulic cylinders. See two related examples that use the same basic components: single cylinder model and model with two cylinders and load constraints.

Model a rigid rod supporting a large mass interconnecting two hydraulic actuators. The model eliminates the springs as it applies the piston forces directly to the load. These forces balance the gravitational force and result in both linear and rotational displacement.

Model transport delay in a variable speed conveyor belt.

Analyze mechanical power of mass-spring damper system.

Model the second-order Van der Pol (VDP) differential equation in Simulink®. In dynamics, the VDP oscillator is non-conservative and has nonlinear damping. At high amplitudes, the oscillator dissipates energy. At low amplitudes, the oscillator generates energy. The oscillator is given by this second-order differential equation: